secretbox: add AES-256-GCM sealing of small secrets

Moved out of Hammerhead's internal package so Sandbar can use it too.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Reef
 
-A shared library for Hammerhead, Blacktip, and Bamboo
+A shared library for Hammerhead, Blacktip, Bamboo and Sandbar
 
 Shared types and building blocks for the sharks stack: [Hammerhead](https://git.veillax.com/Veillax/hammerhead) (control plane), [Blacktip](https://git.veillax.com/Veillax/blacktip) (edge) and [Bamboo](https://git.veillax.com/Veillax/bamboo) (site agent).
 
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ Reef holds the code all three programs agree on, so each can be built and releas
 | `netguard` | Refuses internal addresses for anything that connects out on a user's behalf (webhooks, mail delivery), and dials the address it checked |
 | `docker` | Lists running containers through the Docker Engine API, with no SDK |
 | `dotenv` | Loads a `.env` file into the environment without overriding real variables |
+| `secretbox` | AES-256-GCM sealing of small secrets (`enc1:` values) before they are written to a database |
 
 ## Using it
 

secretbox/secretbox.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// Package secretbox encrypts small secrets (tokens, passwords, private keys)
+// before they are written to the database, using AES-256-GCM.
+//
+// Sealed values look like "enc1:<base64>". Opening a value that isn't sealed
+// returns it unchanged, so data written before encryption was turned on is
+// still readable and gets sealed the next time it is saved.
+package secretbox
+
+import (
+	"crypto/aes"
+	"crypto/cipher"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const prefix = "enc1:"
+
+type Box struct{ aead cipher.AEAD }
+
+// GenerateKey returns a new random key in the form New accepts.
+func GenerateKey() string {
+	b := make([]byte, 32)
+	rand.Read(b)
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(b)
+}
+
+// New builds a Box from a key given as base64 or hex of 32 bytes. Any other
+// text is treated as a passphrase and stretched with SHA-256.
+func New(key string) (*Box, error) {
+	key = strings.TrimSpace(key)
+	if key == "" {
+		return nil, errors.New("empty key")
+	}
+	raw := decodeKey(key)
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	aead, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &Box{aead: aead}, nil
+}
+
+func decodeKey(key string) []byte {
+	if b, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(key); err == nil && len(b) == 32 {
+		return b
+	}
+	if b, err := hex.DecodeString(key); err == nil && len(b) == 32 {
+		return b
+	}
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(key))
+	return sum[:]
+}
+
+// Seal encrypts s. The empty string stays empty so unset secrets stay visibly unset.
+func (b *Box) Seal(s string) string {
+	if s == "" || strings.HasPrefix(s, prefix) {
+		return s
+	}
+	nonce := make([]byte, b.aead.NonceSize())
+	rand.Read(nonce)
+	return prefix + base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(b.aead.Seal(nonce, nonce, []byte(s), nil))
+}
+
+// Open decrypts a sealed value. A wrong key or damaged data is an error, so a
+// bad key can never silently turn secrets into garbage.
+func (b *Box) Open(s string) (string, error) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(s, prefix) {
+		return s, nil
+	}
+	raw, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(s[len(prefix):])
+	if err != nil || len(raw) < b.aead.NonceSize() {
+		return "", errors.New("damaged secret")
+	}
+	n := b.aead.NonceSize()
+	plain, err := b.aead.Open(nil, raw[:n], raw[n:], nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", errors.New("can't decrypt a stored secret: is HAMMERHEAD_MASTER_KEY the key it was saved with?")
+	}
+	return string(plain), nil
+}

secretbox/secretbox_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package secretbox
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestSealOpenRoundTripAndKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	key := GenerateKey()
+	b, err := New(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	sealed := b.Seal("hunter2")
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(sealed, "enc1:") || strings.Contains(sealed, "hunter2") {
+		t.Fatalf("not sealed: %q", sealed)
+	}
+	if again := b.Seal("hunter2"); again == sealed {
+		t.Error("two seals of the same value must differ (random nonce)")
+	}
+	if b.Seal(sealed) != sealed {
+		t.Error("sealing an already sealed value must not double-encrypt")
+	}
+	if got, err := b.Open(sealed); err != nil || got != "hunter2" {
+		t.Errorf("Open = %q, %v", got, err)
+	}
+	if got, _ := b.Open("legacy plaintext"); got != "legacy plaintext" {
+		t.Errorf("unsealed legacy data should pass through, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if b.Seal("") != "" {
+		t.Error("empty stays empty")
+	}
+
+	other, _ := New(GenerateKey())
+	if _, err := other.Open(sealed); err == nil {
+		t.Error("the wrong key must fail loudly, not return garbage")
+	}
+	if _, err := b.Open(sealed[:len(sealed)-4] + "AAAA"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("tampered data must fail")
+	}
+
+	// a passphrase works as a key, and is stable
+	p1, _ := New("correct horse battery staple")
+	p2, _ := New("correct horse battery staple")
+	if got, err := p2.Open(p1.Seal("x")); err != nil || got != "x" {
+		t.Errorf("passphrase keys must be reproducible: %q %v", got, err)
+	}
+	if _, err := New("  "); err == nil {
+		t.Error("an empty key must be rejected")
+	}
+}